Don Rosa timeline: when does Scrooge return to Duckburg?
Jul 15, 2020 17:21:04 GMT
Spectrus and fredj like this
Post by That Duckfan on Jul 15, 2020 17:21:04 GMT
Here's a little piece of timeline theory that I've been teasing for a while now. One of the most difficult dates to ascertain is the climax of The Empire-Builder of Calisota, when Scrooge finally breaks off all contact with his family. Is it 1930? 1931? 1932? 1933? Rosa contradicts himself in various places, so that each of these may be correct. Let's have each make their case.
Short-cuts:
Invader: The Invader of Fort Duckburg (LoS 10)
Builder: The Empire-Builder of Calisota (LoS 11)
Recluse: The Recluse of McDuck Manor (LoS 12)
Crown: The Crown of the Crusader Kings
Letter: A Letter from Home, or The Old Castle's Other Secret
The case for 1930
The original intended date, as can be seen in the portrait insert. The event is referred to in-text several times.
"Then finally, after 27 years on the road, he made a long delayed journey..." (Narrator, Builder 21.4) This presumably refers to the last time we see Scrooge in Duckburg, at the end of Invader in spring 1903.
"Just who do you think you are, Scroogey? How dare you treat us like this after we haven't seen or heard from you in 23 years?!" (Hortense, Builder 22.6) This presumably refers to Scrooge's Blackest Day, which took place in... 1907? Or was it 1909?
"Few details are known of McDuck's ensuing life! The sisters, the only known witnesses to his rise to riches, have long since disappeared from public life! They were last seen in this newsreel footage taken 17 years ago!!" (News on the March narration, Recluse 3.1) We know this to take place in 1947 -- or at least, that was Rosa's intent. And honestly, for the sake of my sanity, let's keep it there. There's entirely too many stories to cram in between it and 1952's A Little Something Special.
But that Hortense quote throws up questions. She's in a state where we can be pretty sure she knows exactly how long it's been since she last saw Scrooge. When did Scrooge go to Africa, anyway?
The case for 1931
Can we date Scrooge's Blackest Day to context clues? That is, are there any real life dates (you know, the ones Rosa loves to stick to) that can help us? Well, there's the aftermath to contend with.
"Over the next year Scrooge was continually side-tracked on his way home! He sold lawnmowers in the Sahara, salt in Egypt, rainhats in Aden, and so on and so on, from Turkey to Holland! While selling wind to the windmill makers along the Zuyder Zee, Scrooge learned of a unique opportunity... So, taking one last detour on his way to America, Scrooge stopped off in Greenland for a rendez-vous on the polar ice cap..." (Narrator, Builder 13.6-13.8)
"Hallo! Are you Robert Peary?" "Yes! What do you want?" (Scrooge and Peary, Builder 13.8)
Now, we know the real life date of Peary's trek to the North Pole (which is depicted in the following pages): it was early April, 1909.
But if his date with Peary took place in 1909, doesn't that back-date the Blackest Day to 1908? Add 23 years to that, and you end up with a date of 1931. (Scrooge leaving Duckburg happens off-screen in this case, in 1904.)
There's evidence to suggest that Rosa was simply wrong in the case of Peary. Rosa himself makes a case for 1909 being the date of Scrooge's Blackest Day in the story notes, as a substitute for Barks' original date of "seventy years ago" (1879) in Voodoo Hoodoo. Rosa shaves off a couple of decades, but sticks to the ---9 date, as can be seen in the portrait insert above.
A few minutes later, on the polar ice caps...
"Wow! I've been granted the royal audience I've sought for years! I've got to rush to Russia by the shortest route!" (Scrooge, Builder, 14.10)
"Some months later, a certain haberdasher in St. Petersburg made an historic sale to a young tycoon anxious to make a good impression during his audience with... Czar Nicholas II!" (Narrator, Builder 15.1-15.2)
"Another detour! After two years of investigating and investing throughout Western Asia, Scrooge posed as a horsetrader in Bazookistan and, finally..." (Narrator, Builder 15.6) Scrooge retrieves the candy-striped ruby.
"Sure enough, an ocean liner left Southampton not much later, with Scrooge McDuck aboard, bound for home..." (Narrator, Builder 15.7) The time is April 1912, and the ship is the HMS Titanic.
And sure enough, as per Barks...
"And that hat cost me two dollars in 1910!" (Scrooge, The Lemming with the Locket 11.7)
"I own the candy-striped ruby! I got it in a horse trade with Bazookistan bandits in 1912!" (Scrooge, The Status Seeker, 4.1)
It's up to the reader to decide what takes preference. Did the "some months" between Scrooge's visits with Peary and the Czar amount to almost a year, or did Peary's expedition take place later in the Rosa universe than it did in real life?
Initially, I believed that Rosa was simply mistaken about the date of the Peary expedition, but after reading the original sketches for Builder, it's clear he just lost track while revising. It's not the only thing in Builder that doesn't add up...
The case for 1932 and 1933
If we take 1909 as the date for Scrooge's Blackest Day, and we assumed he had no contact with his sisters after that, then by Hortense's reckoning his return to Duckburg should take place in 1932. We have some evidence for that. In A Letter from Home (33.1), we see Matilda's memories of that sordid day, and on the wall of Scrooge's office hangs a graph labeled 1932. That's not necessarily a giveaway -- it may not denote the calendar year, but the financial year 1932 -- which ran all the way up to July 1, 1933.
"It's been over 20 years since you last saw Uncle Scrooge! I think it's time you two made up!" "It's been nearly 25 years, and I plan to extend the record! OUTTA THE WAY!" (Donald and Matilda, Letter 6.3)
Letter is one of those stories I would characterize as being very late in the timeline: Scrooge is well into the sentimental phase of his life, and there's an atmosphere (supported by indirect references) that most of the Duck's adventures have already taken place. Are there any cultural context clues to when it takes place? Well yes, but we'll have to go to its predeccessor: The Crown of the Crusader Kings.
"Hah! Brutopia might have sputniks and caviar, but they don't have a single Gearloose!" (Scrooge, Crown 7.6)
Sputnik references pop up all over Rosa's work. It's a reminder that he grew up on the comics of his older sister: Rosa himself was born in 1951, and so his view of the 1950s manifests itself through references to the late '50s (and early '60s), rather than the early '50s in which many of his stories are set. Sputnik launched in October 1957, and I've slotted Crown in my timeline to be set that winter, with Letter following in early 1958. Cultural references form the backbone of my timeline, so I'm keen on keeping to the real-life date. This forms the most recent case for Builder: some time in the first half of 1933.
What about earlier references, then? Well, Scrooge may have continued to send letters to his sisters as late as 1910. As for Scrooge's last visit to Duckburg in 1905-1906, it may have been something we haven't seen. Or we might have seen it indeed, when Scrooge returns home in a cannon at the beginning of Builder...
"It's true! Nobody but I can handle gangs of thugs like the one I came up against in Nevada last year! I wrote you about that, remember?" (Scrooge, Builder 2.7)
"You never did send us those shares!" "Oh? Well, I was in a hurry to get to the world's fair in St. Louis, to sell recordings of 'The Baggage Coach Ahead'!" (Matilda and Scrooge, Builder 4.1)
These events had been linked together in an earlier draft set circa 1907, when Matilda simply refers to "that year". But the St. Louis world's fair, and concurrent Olympic Games, took place in the latter half of 1904 (as confirmed by Rosa in this poster illustration). So that part of Builder must take place in 1905.
But wait...
"Within a month, the last three members of the clan McDuck sailed up the Congo river and into the unexplored heart of the untamed continent..." (Narrator, Builder 5.1)
How to reconcile the story's beginning in 1905 with its time skip to 1909 in less than a month? Well, I can't. Remember when I said that there were more contradictions within Builder? Well, this is the one even I don't know how the correct. Rosa may have confused the 1904 Olympics with the ones in 1908, as he explains in the story notes that he needed a new date for the Nevada incident, which Barks had down as 1898 in Mystery of the Ghost Town Railroad and Rosa suggests to move up a decade similar to what he did with Voodoo Hoodoo.
I'd like to mentally replace "within a month" with "four years later" and have the three go on adventures together for a few years. After all, I'll still need to find a place for the American-based adventures The Sharpie of the Culebra Cut (November 1906) and Black Wednesday (1908, as seen in Recluse 4.9). I'm just assuming Hortense and Matilda were off-screen in the latter. Sorry to leave Quackmore hanging, but I'm very much running out of options at this point.
And what about the newsreel segment in Recluse? Does it secretly take place in 1949, or god forbid, 1950? Please, no... Let's just assume that the can on the newsreel footage had a wrong date on it. I read somewhere that Rosa intended the window billboard to mention a Christmas sale on 1947 televisions, and I intend on sticking with the author's intent here, for the sake of the timeline. Besides, there are more problems with that newsreel if you think it through. (Where did they find a photograph of the clan McDuck with baby Hortense and Angus? He left for America ages ago!)
Bonus: The Old Castle's Other Curse
Sometimes timelines can tell unintentional stories. As told above, Rosa had some problems in setting Scrooge's Blackest Day with relation to Voodoo Hoodoo, but kept to the ---9 motif in order to align with the story's original 1949 publication. He likes to do that. However, from a wider perspective Voodoo Hoodoo sticks out as one of the stories most necessarily removed from its original publication, and that's a corner wrote himself into. Says Foola Zoola:
"UNCLE?" (Voodoo Hoodoo 25.4)
"Is Scrooge McDuck your uncle?" (25.5)
"Sure is! I'm his nearest living relative!" (Donald, 25.5)
"Throw him in the bull pen! It is the law of voodoo that the nearest of kin can atone for the sins of a wrongdoer!" (Foola Zoola, 25.7)
Classic Barks -- except, isn't Matilda Scrooge's nearest living relative? She's his sister, while Donald is his nephew. Barks' particular wording leaves little room for debate: Donald is Scrooge's closest living relative by the time of Voodoo Hoodoo, which must be some time after A Letter from Home. I have it down as 1959, which is in keeping with the ---9 motif, and it's pretty much the last time you can set a story in Darkest Africa (most of which got its independence in 1960).
It's sad to realize that Matilda died shortly after her last appearance, but it wouldn't be the first time. The events in The Laird of Castle McDuck seem to have spurned a new curse surrounding Castle McDuck. Every time Scrooge turns up, its proprietor passes away. Jake McDuck after 1885, Fergus McDuck in 1902, Scottie McTerrier circa 1948, and Matilda McDuck in 1959.
Well, that's it. If you have any comments, please don't share them because I don't want to overhaul my timeline yet again. It won't be done for the foreseeable future, but I'm hoping to get it done some day, according to my theories. Bear with me!
Short-cuts:
Invader: The Invader of Fort Duckburg (LoS 10)
Builder: The Empire-Builder of Calisota (LoS 11)
Recluse: The Recluse of McDuck Manor (LoS 12)
Crown: The Crown of the Crusader Kings
Letter: A Letter from Home, or The Old Castle's Other Secret
The case for 1930
The original intended date, as can be seen in the portrait insert. The event is referred to in-text several times.
"Then finally, after 27 years on the road, he made a long delayed journey..." (Narrator, Builder 21.4) This presumably refers to the last time we see Scrooge in Duckburg, at the end of Invader in spring 1903.
"Just who do you think you are, Scroogey? How dare you treat us like this after we haven't seen or heard from you in 23 years?!" (Hortense, Builder 22.6) This presumably refers to Scrooge's Blackest Day, which took place in... 1907? Or was it 1909?
"Few details are known of McDuck's ensuing life! The sisters, the only known witnesses to his rise to riches, have long since disappeared from public life! They were last seen in this newsreel footage taken 17 years ago!!" (News on the March narration, Recluse 3.1) We know this to take place in 1947 -- or at least, that was Rosa's intent. And honestly, for the sake of my sanity, let's keep it there. There's entirely too many stories to cram in between it and 1952's A Little Something Special.
But that Hortense quote throws up questions. She's in a state where we can be pretty sure she knows exactly how long it's been since she last saw Scrooge. When did Scrooge go to Africa, anyway?
The case for 1931
Can we date Scrooge's Blackest Day to context clues? That is, are there any real life dates (you know, the ones Rosa loves to stick to) that can help us? Well, there's the aftermath to contend with.
"Over the next year Scrooge was continually side-tracked on his way home! He sold lawnmowers in the Sahara, salt in Egypt, rainhats in Aden, and so on and so on, from Turkey to Holland! While selling wind to the windmill makers along the Zuyder Zee, Scrooge learned of a unique opportunity... So, taking one last detour on his way to America, Scrooge stopped off in Greenland for a rendez-vous on the polar ice cap..." (Narrator, Builder 13.6-13.8)
"Hallo! Are you Robert Peary?" "Yes! What do you want?" (Scrooge and Peary, Builder 13.8)
Now, we know the real life date of Peary's trek to the North Pole (which is depicted in the following pages): it was early April, 1909.
But if his date with Peary took place in 1909, doesn't that back-date the Blackest Day to 1908? Add 23 years to that, and you end up with a date of 1931. (Scrooge leaving Duckburg happens off-screen in this case, in 1904.)
There's evidence to suggest that Rosa was simply wrong in the case of Peary. Rosa himself makes a case for 1909 being the date of Scrooge's Blackest Day in the story notes, as a substitute for Barks' original date of "seventy years ago" (1879) in Voodoo Hoodoo. Rosa shaves off a couple of decades, but sticks to the ---9 date, as can be seen in the portrait insert above.
A few minutes later, on the polar ice caps...
"Wow! I've been granted the royal audience I've sought for years! I've got to rush to Russia by the shortest route!" (Scrooge, Builder, 14.10)
"Some months later, a certain haberdasher in St. Petersburg made an historic sale to a young tycoon anxious to make a good impression during his audience with... Czar Nicholas II!" (Narrator, Builder 15.1-15.2)
"Another detour! After two years of investigating and investing throughout Western Asia, Scrooge posed as a horsetrader in Bazookistan and, finally..." (Narrator, Builder 15.6) Scrooge retrieves the candy-striped ruby.
"Sure enough, an ocean liner left Southampton not much later, with Scrooge McDuck aboard, bound for home..." (Narrator, Builder 15.7) The time is April 1912, and the ship is the HMS Titanic.
And sure enough, as per Barks...
"And that hat cost me two dollars in 1910!" (Scrooge, The Lemming with the Locket 11.7)
"I own the candy-striped ruby! I got it in a horse trade with Bazookistan bandits in 1912!" (Scrooge, The Status Seeker, 4.1)
It's up to the reader to decide what takes preference. Did the "some months" between Scrooge's visits with Peary and the Czar amount to almost a year, or did Peary's expedition take place later in the Rosa universe than it did in real life?
Initially, I believed that Rosa was simply mistaken about the date of the Peary expedition, but after reading the original sketches for Builder, it's clear he just lost track while revising. It's not the only thing in Builder that doesn't add up...
The case for 1932 and 1933
If we take 1909 as the date for Scrooge's Blackest Day, and we assumed he had no contact with his sisters after that, then by Hortense's reckoning his return to Duckburg should take place in 1932. We have some evidence for that. In A Letter from Home (33.1), we see Matilda's memories of that sordid day, and on the wall of Scrooge's office hangs a graph labeled 1932. That's not necessarily a giveaway -- it may not denote the calendar year, but the financial year 1932 -- which ran all the way up to July 1, 1933.
"It's been over 20 years since you last saw Uncle Scrooge! I think it's time you two made up!" "It's been nearly 25 years, and I plan to extend the record! OUTTA THE WAY!" (Donald and Matilda, Letter 6.3)
Letter is one of those stories I would characterize as being very late in the timeline: Scrooge is well into the sentimental phase of his life, and there's an atmosphere (supported by indirect references) that most of the Duck's adventures have already taken place. Are there any cultural context clues to when it takes place? Well yes, but we'll have to go to its predeccessor: The Crown of the Crusader Kings.
"Hah! Brutopia might have sputniks and caviar, but they don't have a single Gearloose!" (Scrooge, Crown 7.6)
Sputnik references pop up all over Rosa's work. It's a reminder that he grew up on the comics of his older sister: Rosa himself was born in 1951, and so his view of the 1950s manifests itself through references to the late '50s (and early '60s), rather than the early '50s in which many of his stories are set. Sputnik launched in October 1957, and I've slotted Crown in my timeline to be set that winter, with Letter following in early 1958. Cultural references form the backbone of my timeline, so I'm keen on keeping to the real-life date. This forms the most recent case for Builder: some time in the first half of 1933.
What about earlier references, then? Well, Scrooge may have continued to send letters to his sisters as late as 1910. As for Scrooge's last visit to Duckburg in 1905-1906, it may have been something we haven't seen. Or we might have seen it indeed, when Scrooge returns home in a cannon at the beginning of Builder...
"It's true! Nobody but I can handle gangs of thugs like the one I came up against in Nevada last year! I wrote you about that, remember?" (Scrooge, Builder 2.7)
"You never did send us those shares!" "Oh? Well, I was in a hurry to get to the world's fair in St. Louis, to sell recordings of 'The Baggage Coach Ahead'!" (Matilda and Scrooge, Builder 4.1)
These events had been linked together in an earlier draft set circa 1907, when Matilda simply refers to "that year". But the St. Louis world's fair, and concurrent Olympic Games, took place in the latter half of 1904 (as confirmed by Rosa in this poster illustration). So that part of Builder must take place in 1905.
But wait...
"Within a month, the last three members of the clan McDuck sailed up the Congo river and into the unexplored heart of the untamed continent..." (Narrator, Builder 5.1)
How to reconcile the story's beginning in 1905 with its time skip to 1909 in less than a month? Well, I can't. Remember when I said that there were more contradictions within Builder? Well, this is the one even I don't know how the correct. Rosa may have confused the 1904 Olympics with the ones in 1908, as he explains in the story notes that he needed a new date for the Nevada incident, which Barks had down as 1898 in Mystery of the Ghost Town Railroad and Rosa suggests to move up a decade similar to what he did with Voodoo Hoodoo.
I'd like to mentally replace "within a month" with "four years later" and have the three go on adventures together for a few years. After all, I'll still need to find a place for the American-based adventures The Sharpie of the Culebra Cut (November 1906) and Black Wednesday (1908, as seen in Recluse 4.9). I'm just assuming Hortense and Matilda were off-screen in the latter. Sorry to leave Quackmore hanging, but I'm very much running out of options at this point.
And what about the newsreel segment in Recluse? Does it secretly take place in 1949, or god forbid, 1950? Please, no... Let's just assume that the can on the newsreel footage had a wrong date on it. I read somewhere that Rosa intended the window billboard to mention a Christmas sale on 1947 televisions, and I intend on sticking with the author's intent here, for the sake of the timeline. Besides, there are more problems with that newsreel if you think it through. (Where did they find a photograph of the clan McDuck with baby Hortense and Angus? He left for America ages ago!)
Bonus: The Old Castle's Other Curse
Sometimes timelines can tell unintentional stories. As told above, Rosa had some problems in setting Scrooge's Blackest Day with relation to Voodoo Hoodoo, but kept to the ---9 motif in order to align with the story's original 1949 publication. He likes to do that. However, from a wider perspective Voodoo Hoodoo sticks out as one of the stories most necessarily removed from its original publication, and that's a corner wrote himself into. Says Foola Zoola:
"UNCLE?" (Voodoo Hoodoo 25.4)
"Is Scrooge McDuck your uncle?" (25.5)
"Sure is! I'm his nearest living relative!" (Donald, 25.5)
"Throw him in the bull pen! It is the law of voodoo that the nearest of kin can atone for the sins of a wrongdoer!" (Foola Zoola, 25.7)
Classic Barks -- except, isn't Matilda Scrooge's nearest living relative? She's his sister, while Donald is his nephew. Barks' particular wording leaves little room for debate: Donald is Scrooge's closest living relative by the time of Voodoo Hoodoo, which must be some time after A Letter from Home. I have it down as 1959, which is in keeping with the ---9 motif, and it's pretty much the last time you can set a story in Darkest Africa (most of which got its independence in 1960).
It's sad to realize that Matilda died shortly after her last appearance, but it wouldn't be the first time. The events in The Laird of Castle McDuck seem to have spurned a new curse surrounding Castle McDuck. Every time Scrooge turns up, its proprietor passes away. Jake McDuck after 1885, Fergus McDuck in 1902, Scottie McTerrier circa 1948, and Matilda McDuck in 1959.
Well, that's it. If you have any comments, please don't share them because I don't want to overhaul my timeline yet again. It won't be done for the foreseeable future, but I'm hoping to get it done some day, according to my theories. Bear with me!